1215

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In the News

Balancing Act Protects Vulnerable Cells From Cancer
When a cell loses some of its weapons to fight cancer, it can still look healthy and act normally -- if not forever, at least for a while. scientists show how cells lacking a key receptor in a tumor-suppressing pathway maintain a balance between cell growth and cell death, how they lose this balance and why this loss happens more frequently in some tissues than in others.

Commuters Inhale Most Harmful Traffic Fumes During Morning Rush Hour,
Early findings from a new urban pollution study suggest that commuters in Manchester inhale their biggest daily dose of harmful traffic fumes during the morning rush hour.

Financial Times In Depth: US Elections 2008
News and analysis about the 2008 U.S. presidential election, along with interactive features, candidate profiles and interviews, and other material about the election. From the Financial Times, a British publication that features world business, financial, and political news.

Godzilla Conquers the Globe: Japanese Monster Movies in International
This website offers a virtual tour of a 2004 exhibit on the Japanese film genre known as kaijū eiga (monster movies). The exhibit feature movie posters, film programs, lobby cards, and other materials from several countries for Godzilla and other monster movies. Include descriptions of the items and images of related items such as Japanese bestiaries. From the Donald Keene Center of Japanese Culture at Columbia University.

Infants, Children Prefer Sounds Over Pictures And Only Slowly Become V
New research provides the strongest evidence to date that infants and young children -- unlike adults -- are more drawn to sounds than they are to visuals in their environment.

Nuclear threats

Earlier this week I highlighted the views of Jesse Ausubel, who argues that renewable energy sources will not be sufficient to fulfill global energy demand and that nuclear power is the only viable option for powering the world. See Renewable Myths and Nuclear Heresies. Almost left unsaid, in his argument, although alluded to, are the inherent security and safety issues that surround the maintenance of a widespread nuclear industry. This week, a trio of security serious vulnerabilities surrounding the use of nuclear power have been published.

The first threat is at the source of the raw material for nuclear power itself, the uranium mine, processing plant, and transport route. Here, physical protection and security are at a much lower level than at a nuclear installation in the developed world, according to Austrian scientists writing today in the International Journal of Nuclear Governance, Economy and Ecology.

The second threat is from saboteurs with expertise in the industry and the security of nuclear installations. Researchers from the US Environmental Protection Agency suggest that such saboteurs on the inside could wreak havoc and cause a serious environmental and health threats with only small, shaped explosives or even no explosives at all.

Finally, at the waste end of the nuclear industry, a second US team point out that the significant quantities of spent radioactive fuel could also represent a security nightmare. The team from environmental health and safety consultants S. Cohen and Associates, in Montgomery Alabama, point out that there is no secure central repository for nuclear waste. Any one of the waste storage or processing plants could be vulnerable to a terrorist attack.

Friedrich SteinhƤusler and Lyudmila Zaitseva of the Division of Physics and Biophysics, at the University of Salzburg, Austria, have investigated the potential security threats facing the industry at the initial mining and milling end of the nuclear process. They explain how there are several points at which someone intent on terrorism or other purposes might intercept highly radioactive material. For instance, terrorists or saboteurs might instigate illegal mining of an officially closed uranium mine or diversion uranium ore from a mine or mill, or more obviously demolition of facilities with the intention of causing environmental harm.

The Austrian team believes such threats are very real. Uranium mining has been carried out in almost twenty countries, although 90% of world production takes place in ten of these, with seven of these states having been associated with clandestine nuclear activities.

“The current control system is inadequate as it could allow rogue nations or terrorist groups to traffic uranium or enriched yellow cake in at least 24 countries on three continents,” say the researchers, “There is a critical need to counter the threats resulting from an uncontrolled acquisition of these radioactive materials in a coordinated manner.”

Anthony Honnellio of the Emergency Response Branch OSSR and Stan Rydell of the Pesticides Toxics and Radiation Unit, both divisions of the US Environmental Protection Agency in Boston, realised that have been many reports on nuclear security that focus on terrorist attack from outside. However, they explain that sabotage by individuals with a detailed knowledge of security procedures, plant layout and the functional nature of the critical components of a nuclear power plant, could exploit their knowledge to catastrophic effect.

They speculate on how small explosives might be brought into secure areas and reveal that despite post-9/11 security improvements, banned items nevertheless slip through the metal and explosive detection equipment at airports, so could just as readily be brought into a nuclear installation. But, their concern does not lie only with the impact an explosion at a carefully chosen site my cause. They suggest that damage to a critical component could disable a power station and lead to widespread power outages, with significant civil disruption to those dependent on the supply.

In their consideration of security at the waste end of the nuclear industry, Edwin Sensintaffar and Charles Phillips of S Cohen and Associates point out that a recent review of safety and security at commercial spent nuclear fuel plants suggested that such facilities are vulnerable to terrorist activity. A deliberate fire at such a facility could cause widespread radioactive contamination, which could affect the local and wider population as well as cause serious environmental damage.

Sensintaffar and Phillips describe a scenario based on such an event to demonstrate the potential impact resulting from the release and dispersion of spent fuel products. “The radioactive contamination that could be released into the environment from such an event could contaminate thousands of square kilometres, result in billions of dollars in economic impact and large numbers of both early and latent cancer deaths,” the researchers say.

AOL Music: Live 8
In July 2005 "hundreds of the world's top performers and more than 1 million fans united for 10 free [Live 8] concerts across the globe aimed at fighting African poverty."The site features news, photos, and sound and video clips from these concerts held in London, Berlin, Toronto, and other cities. Performers included Bob Geldof (the organizer), U2, Paul McCartney, R.E.M., and Madonna. From America Online (AOL). Note: "Currently AOL Radio does not support Firefox" and may load slowly in Internet Explorer.

[Ironic] An Italian pensioner committed suicide after his wife fell in
Recalling the end of Romeo and Juliet, the 70-year-old man, Ettore, who had sat by his wife's bedside for four months after she slipped into a coma following a heart attack, finally gave up hope and gassed himself in the garage of his family home.Less than a day later, his wife, Rossana, woke up in her hospital bed in Padua and immediately asked for him.

Large Hadron Collider sets new world record as highest energy particle
CERN's Large Hadron Collider has become the world's highest energy particle accelerator, having accelerated its twin beams of protons to an energy of 1.18 TeV in the early hours of the morning. This exceeds the previous world record of 0.98 TeV, which had been held by the US Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory's Tevatron collider since 2001. It marks another important milestone on the road to first physics at the LHC in 2010.

Stem Cells In Degenerating Spinal Discs Discovered, Potential For Repa
Orthopedic researchers have for the first time found stem cells in both degenerated adult intervertebral discs of the human spine and in discs of animals. The scientists isolated cells from discarded disc tissue that could still proliferate, noting that under certain conditions, the cells could be coaxed to form bone, cartilage or fat. The work suggests that such cells might someday be used to help repair degenerating discs and remedy lower back and neck pain.




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