Beta decay

Nuclear processes
Radioactive decay processes
Nucleosynthesis

Beta decay is a type of radioactive decay in which a beta particle (an electron or a positron) is emitted. In the case of electron emission, it is referred to as "beta minus"(β- ), in the case of a positron, "beta plus"(β+ ).

In beta minus decay, a neutron is converted to a proton via the weak nuclear force and a beta particle (an electron) and an anti-neutrino are emitted.

In beta plus decay, a proton is converted to a neutron via the weak nuclear force and a beta minus particle (a positron) and a neutrino are emitted.

The study of beta decay provided the first physical evidence of the neutrino. The energies of electrons emitted by beta decay were observed to be non-continuous (some being more energetic than others). A problem arose in trying to explain what happened to the missing energy if an electron was emitted with less than maximum energy - the Law of conservation of energy appeared to be violated. To solve this, Wolfgang Pauli proposed that the "missing" energy was carried away by another yet undiscovered particle - the neutrino. This was analysed in more detail by Enrico Fermi.

See also: beta particle, particle radiation, radioactive isotope



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Environmental intuition on the web

Intute LogoIntute is the Science, Engineering and Technology component of a JISC project based out of England’s University of Manchester and the Heriot-Watt University in Scotland. It offers a free online service with what it describes as the very best web resources for scientific research and education. Like the very best of the earliest web portals all entries are hand selected and evaluated, so there is a serious lack of spam (thank goodness).

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