Biological Oxygen Demand

Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a measure of the rate of use of oxygen by water borne microorganisms in removing organic compounds dissolved in the water.

The BOD in England is carried out by taking two freshwater samples, testing for dissolved oxygen in one sample, then sealing the other sample (to prevent further oxygen dissolving in),and placing it in the dark (to prevent photosynthesis adding oxygen). This second sample is kept at room temperature and tested for dissolved oxygen after five days. The ratio of the dissolved oxygen in both samples is the BOD(five). Five days is chosen because this is the longest time that river water takes to travel from source to estuary in the UK.



In the News

Hybrid Grass May Prove To Be Valuable Fuel Source
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Volkswagen 'Nazi' Subpoena Points Up Social-Networking Privacy Policie
Volkswagen files a subpoena for the identity of a YouTube user who posted a Nazi-themed parody of a recent VW Golf commercial. The move highlights the privacy risks for users of video-sharing and social-networking sites, and no law requires the sites need to notify users of those subpoenas.

[Ironic] LONDON: A jailed cocaine dealer is working as Santa Claus on
John Tams, who dons beard, boots and red suit to work in a cafe's Christmas grotto, said he wanted to give something back to the community...

Microbes Under Greenland Ice May Be Preview Of What Scientists Find Un
The presence of methane in Mars' atmosphere has led some scientists to propose that methane-producing microbes live under the surface. If that's true, UC Berkeley's Buford Price knows just where to look. His study of methane-producing Archaea at the base of Greenland's two-mile thick ice sheet indicates that about one microbe per cubic centimeter a few hundred meters underground could produce enough methane to maintain observed levels in the Martian atmosphere.

[Funny] A referee has sent himself off in an English amateur league ma
Andy Wain had to abandon the Sunday league match between Peterborough North End and a Royal Mail side in the 63rd minute after throwing down his whistle and marching up to confront North End's keeper.

[Odd] Misplaced $377,000 found in office
More than $377,000 -- proceeds from the sales of prisoner-made goods and services -- was squirreled away over a period of years in a state employee's office, mostly in a desk drawer. Authorities believe incompetence, rather than any criminality, was to blame.

Thalidomide Treatment Proves Better Than Conventional Chemotherapy For
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Old Mystery Solved, Revealing Origin Of Regulatory T Cells That 'Polic
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College Textbooks: Enhanced Offerings Appear to Drive Recent Price Inc
This 2005 government report considers changes in college textbook prices and what factors have contributed to these changes (such as CD-ROMs and other instructional supplements). The report notes that "in the last two decades, college textbook prices have increased at twice the rate of inflation but have followed close behind tuition increases."Includes a summary and the full text, with diagrams and charts. From the Government Accountability Office (GAO).

New Therapy Could Preserve Vessel Function After Heart Attack
Scientists have identified the process that causes blood vessels to constrict during and after a heart attack. They've also demonstrated that delivering a vital molecule that is depleted during this process directly to those blood vessels can reverse damage and help restore blood flow. The medical researchers say these findings have the potential to improve outcomes for patients with acute coronary episodes related to ischemia, and to ameliorate the restriction of blood supply to the heart.


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