Bladder cancer


Cystoscopic view of a papillary bladder tumor (top);
the bladder wall is visible on the bottom right

Bladder cancer refers to any of several types of malignant growths of the urinary bladder. The image to the right shows a papillary cell tumor, the most common type of bladder cancer.

Papillary transitional cell carcinoma is a cancer of the transitional epithelial cells of the bladder.

The greatest risk factor for bladder cancer is a genetic predisposition; it is also associated with smoking and occupational exposure to aniline-based dyes (such as in textile factories), as well as with petrol and other chemicals.



In the News

FAS Intelligence Resource Program: Official Intelligence-Related Docum
Dozens of documents from the U.S. government relating to intelligence issues, including a report on weapons of mass destruction, directives from the director of the CIA, laws and federal regulations, and Congressional Research Service (CRS) reports, such as the October 2003 report on the Intelligence Identities Protection Act, and the May 2005 report on the Security and Freedom Ensured Act and Security and Freedom Enhancement Act (SAFE acts). From the Federation of American Scientists (FAS).

Resources on Pollinators
Collection of resources about pollination and the importance of pollinators: "About three-quarters of the world's flowering plants and at least 90 food crops eaten in North America depend on pollinators."Features a chart of pollinator species (with fun facts, population status, and favorite flowers), a list of plants for attracting pollinators, a podcast on pollinators in crisis, news and updates, and related links. From the National Academy of Sciences Division on Earth and Life Studies.

Count Calories on the Go
Gadget-loving dieters will soon have no excuse for giving in to temptation while traveling. The big diet brands like Weight Watchers are coming out with calorie counters and nutritional guides for PDAs and mobile phones.

Studies Find Possible Drug Targets For Improving Vascular Health
The enzyme nitric oxide synthase plays a role in peripheral vascular disease, a common disease that impairs the mobility of 25 percent of people over the age of 50.

First Look At An Enzyme Target For Antibacterial And Cancer Drugs
The veil has finally been lifted on an enzyme that is critical to the process of DNA transcription and replication, and is a prime target of antibacterial and anticancer drugs. Researchers have produced the first three-dimensional structural images of a DNA-bound Type II topoisomerase (topo II) that is responsible for untangling coiled strands of the chromosome during cell division.

[Ironic] An Italian pensioner committed suicide after his wife fell in
Recalling the end of Romeo and Juliet, the 70-year-old man, Ettore, who had sat by his wife's bedside for four months after she slipped into a coma following a heart attack, finally gave up hope and gassed himself in the garage of his family home.Less than a day later, his wife, Rossana, woke up in her hospital bed in Padua and immediately asked for him.

[Ironic] LONDON: A jailed cocaine dealer is working as Santa Claus on
John Tams, who dons beard, boots and red suit to work in a cafe's Christmas grotto, said he wanted to give something back to the community...

Apple's 'Green' Notebook Doesn't Impress Environmentalists
When Steve Jobs announced the MacBook Air at Macworld, he touted its environmentally friendly construction. Greenpeace welcomed the new eco-talk, but said Apple could still be doing more.

Men and women respond differently to stress
Age and gender play a major role in how people respond to stress, according to a new study on 20- to 64-year-olds.

Saudi Municipal Elections: Royal Caution and Citizen Apathy
January 2005 article about the landmark "municipal elections due to be held February 10 in the [Saudi Arabia] capital, Riyadh, and the surrounding area ... [and] plans for the three-stage elections, staggered across the kingdom from February to April." Includes a discussion of attitudes towards the election in this absolute monarchy, and women not being allowed to vote. Includes links to related articles. From the Washington Institute for Near East Policy.




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