Brezhnev Doctrine

The Brezhnev Doctrine was a Soviet policy doctrine, introduced by Leonid Brezhnev, which stated:

"When forces that are hostile to socialism and try to turn the development of some socialist country towards capitalism, it becomes not only a problem of the country concerned, but a common problem and concern of all socialist countries."

This effectively meant that no country was allowed to leave the Warsaw pact, and the doctrine was used to justify the invasions of Czechoslovakia in 1968 as well as the non-Warsaw pact nation of Afghanistan in 1979.


In the News

Machinima Group Animates Life 'In-world': Technique Harnesses 3-D Game
Student researchers working with BethColeman, assistant professor in comparative media studies and in the Program in Writing and Humanistic Studies, are exploring machinima, one branch of the rapidly evolving world of computer animation. As members of the Machinima Work Group, they are experimenting in the medium to find new modes of cinematic expression.

This Old House: Tools &Materials
Articles on the selection and use of tools (hand and power) and materials for home improvement projects. Topics include hammers, nail pullers, multi-tools, miter saws, workbenches, hand planes, garden hand tools, and more. Most articles include images. Note: A few articles (unfortunately not marked) are available only to subscribers.

White-light Laser Is Basis Of New Optical Tweezers And Microscope
Penn State engineers have used a "white-light laser"to produce a new type of optical "tweezers"that not only traps, holds and moves microscopic objects but also can perform characterization of the object via spectroscopy at the same time.

Emergency Department Guidelines Enhance Quality Patient Care
Defining what constitutes quality care --especially in a large, urban hospital -- isn't easy. Researchers, however, are addressing the nationwide problem with a unique system to reduce medical errors and improve patient care in local hospital emergency departments.

Newly Created Cancer Stem Cells Could Aid Breast Cancer Research
Scientists have created breast cancer stem cells in culture by isolating and transforming a particular population of cells from normal human breast tissue. After being injected with just 100 of these transformed cells, mice develop tumors that metastasize. When scientists performed the same transformation process on a slightly different population of cells from the identical human breast tissue, the resulting cancer cells were 10,000 times less potent as tumor initiators and could not move to other tissues.

Patients Benefit From Blood Clot Research
Australian traveller's will likely be a part of the study under auspicious of the World Health Organisation to identify ways to minimise the risk of Deep Vein Thrombosis during long haul flights.

[Scary] Pregnant woman says 'maternal instinct' helped her kill attack
FORT MITCHELL, Ky. - A pregnant woman who killed her attacker said a maternal instinct helped her fight off the woman who investigators believe was after her unborn child."I do believe that I fought harder because it was for my child,"Sarah Brady told ABC's "Good Morning America"in interviews aired Sunday and Monday. "It is a maternal instinct to protect your child to the very end."Katherine Smith, 22, died Thursday after luring Brady to her apartment to pick up a package supposedly delivered to the wrong address. When Smith pulled out a knife and attacked the pregnant woman, Brady fought back, striking Smith on the head with an ash tray and stabbing her three times with her own knife, police said. Brady, 26, said she didn't know Smith before the two met at Smith's apartment and can't be certain why Smith wanted to kill her."I really am not sure what was going through her mind,"Brady told ABC. "The only thing I thought was that she was going to kill me and my child and that is the only thing that ran through my mind."

Automated Water Safety Sensor Units Detect Currently Unmonitored Biolo
Sandia National Laboratories, CH2M Hill, and Tenix Investments Pty. Ltd. today announced a multi-year, multi-million dollar partnership to develop an unattended water safety system that offers the unique capability of detecting currently unmonitored biological agents such as bacteria, viruses, and protozoa that could threaten water supplies.

Papal Visit to Israel -- The Holy Land: Sites
Information about the Israeli sites visited by Pope John Paul II in 2000. Includes images, maps, and background about Capernaum, Tabgha ("the traditional site of the Multiplication of the Loaves and the Fishes"), Nazareth, Jerusalem, and Bethlehem. Available in several languages. From the Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Sleeping Beauty Plays A Significant Role In Identifying Cancer Genes
Researchers at the University of Minnesota Cancer Center and the National Cancer Institute (NCI), part of the National Institutes of Health, have discovered a new method that could accelerate the way cancer-causing genes are found and lead to a more accurate identification of the genes, according to two studies in the July 14, 2005 issue of Nature.


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