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Using Laser Beams And Electric Fields, NASA Researchers Probe Curious
Many researchers believe that moondust has a severe case of static cling: it's electrically charged. In the lunar daytime, intense ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun knocks electrons out of the powdery grit. Dust grains on the moon's daylit surface thus become positively charged. Eventually, the repulsive charges become so strong that grains are launched off the surface like cannonballs, arcing kilometers above the moon until gravity makes them fall back again to the ground. The moon may have a virtual atmosphere of this flying dust, sticking to astronauts from above and below. Or so the theory goes.

The Opportunity For Canalization And The Evolution Of Genetic Networks
The recent explosion of genomic data has inspired a renewed interest in how groups of genes work together to create observable phenotypes. Studies of genetic networks have shown a surprising degree of robustness to variation, regardless of whether the variation comes from a change within or outside of the network.

Quick-burning Carbs May Cause Fatty Liver: Low-glycemic Diet Protected
The obesity epidemic has spawned not just diabetes, but another serious public health problem: a surge in fatty liver disease, which can lead to cirrhosis and liver failure. Now, research suggests that limiting consumption of high-glycemic-index carbohydrates can prevent the condition in mice. A clinical trial is now testing this idea in overweight adolescents, as well as the possibility of reversing fatty liver disease through diet.

Notch Signaling Molecule Important In Type 2 Immunity
Defects in immune system cells called T helper cells may lead to diseases characterized by a faulty inflammatory response such as autoimmunity and asthma. Understanding the molecular steps involved in how T helper cells mature may help researchers develop treatments for these diseases. Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have shed light on a key molecular switch in this differentiation.

Triage Study Challenges Notions Of Emergency Medical Response To Disas
In the face of terrorism and catastrophic natural disasters, modern regional trauma systems that improve survival for critically injured patients are more vital than ever. Scientists have now created a computer simulation model of trauma system response to mass casualty incidents involving dozens or hundreds of injured victims.

Scientific crime fighters
David Bradley reports on the British scientists who are fighting crime with technology, in the November issue of Elemental Discoveries

Elevated Blood Pressure In Youth Linked To Rise In Childhood Obesity
After decades of decline, blood pressure levels in children and adolescents are increasing. Researchers said that each one centimeter increase in waist circumference raised the likelihood of high blood pressure by 10 percent and the likelihood of pre-high blood pressure by five percent. High blood pressure is a major public health problem in adults and a common risk factor for heart attack and stroke.

Cognitive Impairment Link Found In Older Adults Taking Popular Stomach
Long-term use of histamine2 receptor antagonists, one class of drugs that blocks stomach acid, may be associated with cognitive impairment in older African-American adults. According to a new study, the risk for showing signs of cognitive impairment is 2.5 times greater for patients using these medications long-term.

Skin Aging Reversed In Mice By Blocking Action Of Single Protein
Researchers have reversed the effects of aging on the skin of mice, at least for a short period, by blocking the action of a single critical protein. The work could one day be useful in helping older people heal from an injury as quickly as they did when they were younger.

Trauma and the Brain
Companion website to an American RadioWorks program about post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the rise of the trauma counseling industry since the events of Sept. 11, 2001. Includes transcripts and audio clips from the show and from researchers and survivors of the Sept. 11 attacks.

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