Chain reaction

A chain reaction is a reaction in which one of the agents necessary to the reaction is itself produced by the reaction, thus causing additional reactions.

Examples:

  • The neutron-fission chain reaction, a neutron plus a fissionable atom causes a fission resulting in a number of neutrons which in turn cause other fissions.
  • Chemical chain reactions, where large molecules (e.g., plastic polymers, nucleic acids) are products.

See also: nuclear chain reaction, polymerase chain reaction


In the News

Parents Want Teachers Who Make Children Happy
Parents prefer teachers who make their children happy even more than those who emphasize academic achievement, a new study shows. When requesting a teacher for their elementary school children, parents are more likely to choose teachers who receive high student satisfaction ratings than teachers with strong achievement ratings.

Coal Tar-based Pavement Sealers Implicated As A Source Of Urban Water
A water pollution episode in Austin, Texas, is raising questions about the environmental impact of coal tar-based sealants used on thousands of parking lots throughout the United States, according to an article in Chemical and Engineering News.

Allergic Reactions To Gadolinium-based Contrast Agents Are Rare, Study
Allergic-like reactions to gadolinium-containing contrast injections in adults and pediatric patients (those younger than 19 years of age) are rare, according to a recent study. "When these reactions do occur, most of them are mild,"said the lead author of the study.

Special Report: Hurricane Katrina
News and analysis about Hurricane Katrina and its aftermath. Topics include insurance, the White House response, environmental issues, reconstruction, and economic impact. Also provides interactive features such as a map of the Gulf Coast showing affected areas, a map of the U.S. detailing the states with evacuees, and a map of New Orleans with information about repairing the damage. From the Guardian Unlimited, the online companion to the British newspaper The Guardian.

Document of the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants a
This June 2007 document features at paragraph 61 a "Drivers' 'Ten Commandments'"that is designed to promote courteous and safe behavior while on the road. Includes background about how the commandments were developed, such as on the moral aspects of driving and Christian virtues related to driving. Also includes material about "street women"(prostitutes), street children, and homeless people. Available in several languages. From the Vatican.

Cancer Stem Cells Spur Glioma Angiogenesis, Could Hold Key To Brain Tu
Stem cell-like glioma cancer cells that share many characteristics with normal stem cells propel the lethal growth of brain cancers by promoting tumor blood vessel formation, and may hold the key to treating these deadly cancers, a research team reported in the August 15th issue of Cancer Research.

Agricultural Soil Erosion Not Contributing To Global Warming, Study Sh
Agricultural soil erosion is not a source of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, according to research in Science. Erosion actually leads to more carbon being removed from the atmosphere than is emitted, creating what can be described as a 'sink'of atmospheric carbon.

Ground Frequency Recovery After Strong Earthquakes
Because earthquake shock sometimes decreases the frequency at which the ground vibrates, especially at soft soil sites, the strength of strong ground motion during an earthquake is an important characteristic that can affect the degree to which geological structures and buildings collapse. Although most research focuses on the reduction in peak frequency of site response caused by strong ground motion, Sawazaki, et al. sought instead to document peak frequency recovery following large earthquakes.

Genetic Cause Of Speech Defect Discovered
Researchers at the University of Toronto (U of T), Capital Health's Stollery Children's Hospital in Edmonton, Toronto's Hospital for Sick Children and their international collaborators have discovered a genetic abnormality that causes a type of language impairment in children -- a discovery that could lead to isolating genes important for the development of expressive language.

Answer From 'Dusty Shelf' Aids Quest To See Matter As It Was Just Afte
Scientists trying to recreate conditions that existed just a few millionths of a second after the big bang that started the universe have run into a mysterious problem -- some of the reactions they are getting don't mesh with what they thought they were supposed to see.


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