Civil Rights Cases

The Civil Rights Cases were a series of important U.S. Supreme Court Cases decided in 1883.

Here, the Supreme Court declared most of the Civil Rights Act of 1875, a "last gasp" of the radical Republicans of the Reconstruction era, unconstitutional. In particular, the Court ruled that the 14th Amendment prohibited only government violations of civil rights, not the denial of civil rights by individuals unaided by the state. Essentially, it formally ended any attempts by Republicans to ensure the civil rights of blacks, and ushered in the mass denial of civil rights to blacks until the 1960s.

The decision that Civil Rights Acts were unconstitutional has not been formally overturned. However, most recent civil rights laws have been based on the interstate commerce clause rather than on the 14th amendment.



In the News

Bob Moog Biography
Biographical information about Robert Moog, who developed an electronic music synthesizer in the early 1960s, and who died in August 2005. Also includes links to information about the theremin (an early electronic instrument invented by Leon Theremin), current Moog synthesizer instruments, and a photo gallery. From the company that manufactures Moog synthesizers.

Safe Holiday Lighting
List of safety tips for using holiday lighting, accompanied by photos illustrating safe use of lights, cords, outlets, timers, and candles. Also available in Spanish. From a Southern California utility. Note: may not display properly in all browsers.

December 5: International Day of the Ninja
Website for this humorous, self-proclaimed day to "plague your co-workers with ninja-ness and wear a ninja mask to work."Includes instructions for making a ninja mask out of a t-shirt and making a paper shuriken (throwing star), and links to related sites.

For Initial Treatment Of Moderate To Severe Major Depression, Cognitiv
Cognitive therapy, when provided by an experienced therapist, may be as effective as antidepressant medications in the initial treatment of moderate to severe major depression, according to an article in the April issue of the Archives of General Psychiatry, one of the JAMA/Archives journals.

Gore's Webby TV Network Debuts
Current TV, the channel Al Gore and his cohorts bought, launches Monday. Its utopian vision of being the sounding board for young people and broadcasting content produced by viewers will have to prove profitable.

Beowulfand Angelina Jolie Give 3-D a Second Chance in Hollywo
Once a nausea-inducing fad, 3-D is staging a comeback -- more than 50 years after its first run. When Beowulfcomes out in November, it will premiere on nearly 1,000 3-D screens -- the most ever.

Bail: Getting Out of Jail After an Arrest
This article describes the procedures related to bail, "cash or a cash equivalent that an arrested person gives to a court to ensure that he will appear in court when ordered to do so."Describes how bail is set, how bail is posted, and the circumstances under which someone may be released "ontheir own recognizance."From Nolo, a California publisher of legal self-help books.

DNA Highly Promising Predictor For Successful Treatment Of Alcoholics
According to Dutch researcher Wendy Ooteman, the biological and genetic characteristics of alcoholics can predict which drugs will best suppress the desire to drink. Naltrexone and acamprosate are drugs that are supposed to suppress the desire for a drink. The researcher investigated which patient characteristics were responsible for predicting the drug that would work best.

Regular Acupressure Can Significantly Reduce Agitated Behavior In Deme
Providing 15-minute treatment sessions twice a day for five days a week significantly reduced agitated behavior in older people with dementia, including physical and verbal attacks and wandering.

The Mild-Mannered Scalia: Samuel Alito Jr., 3rd U.S. Circuit Court of
2003 Profile of Judge Samuel Alito, who has been compared to Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia, and who was nominated by President George W. Bush in October 2005 to take the seat of retiring Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Connor. Includes a discussion of his rulings in selected cases during his 13-year (at the time) tenure on the federal appellate court. From Law.com.


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