Column (botany)

The column, or technically the gynostemium, is a reproductive structure in the center of an orchid flower (also in the Family Aristolochiaceae). It is derived from the fusion of both male and female parts (stamens and pistil) into a single organ that both releases pollen and also receives it (from another individual) for fertilization. Unlike almost all other flowering plants, the single male anther at the tip of the column produces pollen that is not free and powdery but held in waxy masses of two, four or six pellets called pollinia. The transfer of pollinia from one flower to another, though highly efficient, is often reliant upon one particular species of insect and it can be catastrophic for the population if its pollinator disappears from the community.


In the News

Two Are Better Than One: Destroying Cancer's Communication Network
Cancer patients may one day benefit from treatment with mixtures of customized antibodies. In a study published recently in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA), a team of Weizmann Institute scientists have demonstrated how the right combination might form a web that destroys the cancer cell's communication network, ultimately demobilizing the cell.

[Ironic] LONDON: A jailed cocaine dealer is working as Santa Claus on
John Tams, who dons beard, boots and red suit to work in a cafe's Christmas grotto, said he wanted to give something back to the community...

All-American Presidential Forums on PBS
Website for a television broadcast for the 2008 presidential election that "marks the first time that a panel comprised of journalists of color is represented in primetime."Features pages for campaign issues such as criminal justice, affordable neighborhoods, immigration, and environmental justice. Also includes videos, user questions and views, candidate profiles, and other election material. From the Tavis Smiley show.

Health Professionals Would Prioritize Spending On The Young Over The O
In prioritizing health-care spending, health professionals rank childhood immunization highest and cancer treatment for smokers lowest, according to a new international survey published in PLoS Medicine.

Findings For Racial Sub-groups Show Diuretics Work Better Than Newer M
Diuretics work better than newer therapies in treating high blood pressure and reducing risk of heart disease in both black and non-black patients, according to a long-term, multi-center trial of antihypertensive therapies funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health.

Vast Cloud Of Antimatter Traced To Binary Stars
Astronomers may have solved one of the most vexing mysteries in our Milky Way: the origin of a giant cloud of antimatter surrounding the galactic center. Integral found that the cloud extends farther on the western side of the galactic center than it does on the eastern side. This imbalance matches the distribution of a population of binary star systems that contain black holes or neutron stars, strongly suggesting that these binaries are churning out at least half of the antimatter, and perhaps all of it.

Flame Retardant Exposure Linked To House Dust
Common house dust may be an important source of a potentially dangerous class of chemicals called polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), according to an exploratory study by researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

Simple Eye Scan Opens Window To Multiple Sclerosis
A five-minute eye exam might prove to be an inexpensive and effective way to gauge and track the debilitating neurological disease multiple sclerosis, potentially complementing costly magnetic resonance imaging to detect brain shrinkage -- a characteristic of the disease's progression.

Better Googling: Things You Didn't Know Google Does
Power tips for getting the most from the Google search engine, from toolbars to using Google as a calculator or to look up phone book entries. Includes tips for journalists on using Google to research stories. From Sree Sreenivasan, "Tech Guru"for New York's WABC-TV.

New Shoulder Pain Treatment Is Effective, Study Suggests
Inflammation of a tendon triggered by calcium deposits, or calcific tendinitis, can effectively be treated with a simple and cost effective percutaneous method according to a recent study.


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