Comma-free code

A comma-free code is a code constructed so that any partial code word, beginning at the start of a code word but terminating prior to the end of that code word, is not a valid code word.

Note 1: The comma-free property permits the proper framing of transmitted code words when (a) external synchronization is provided to identify the start of the first code word in a sequence of code words and (b) no uncorrected errors occur in the symbol stream.

Note 2: Examples of comma-free are the variable-length Huffman codes. Synonym prefix-free code., prefix code.

Source: from Federal Standard 1037C



In the News

What Is Wrong With Intelligent Design?
In a thought-provoking paper from the March issue of the Quarterly Review of Biology, Elliott Sober (University of Wisconsin) clearly discusses the problems with two standard criticisms of intelligent design: that it is unfalsifiable and that the many imperfect adaptations found in nature refute the hypothesis of intelligent design.

Adventures in the Past: Discovering the Public Lands' Archaeological.
This site provides links to lesson plans and articles for teaching and learning about history, archeology, and paleontology on public land in the western U.S. Also features an interactive map with links to material about vacation opportunities at BLM-administered sites, and selected research publications on topics such as Native Americans, the Oregon Trail, and the Iditarod. From the U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM).

NASA Gives Artificial Gravity A New Spin
NASA will use a new human centrifuge to explore artificial gravity as a way to counter the physiologic effects of extended weightlessness for future space exploration.

Weill Cornell Team Develops Fast-acting Anthrax Vaccine
In any bioterror attack, vaccines that provide a rapid, effective defense against the pathogen will be key to saving lives. However, in the case of anthrax, vaccines available today can take weeks or even months to gain full effect. Research underway at Weill Cornell Medical College in New York City may provide health officials with a much quicker option.

Microarrays As Phenotype
Microarrays provide a method of quantifying the expression and order of genes in a particular genome -- acting as a surrogate measure of cell physiology, said researchers at Baylor College of Medicine in a report that appears in the journal Nature Genetics.

JitterBugs Could Turn Your Computer Keyboard Against You, Warn Enginee
Engineers from the University of Pennsylvania warn against an entirely new threat to computer security: bugs implanted in peripheral devices, such as keyboards or mice. This new class of devices could covertly transmit data across an existing network connection without the user's knowledge. They are named "JitterBugs,"for both the way they transmit stolen data in "jittery"chunks and for the "jitters"they could inspire in anyone with secure data to safeguard.

Snaring Secrets Of The Venus Flytrap: Researchers Detail Plant Kingdom
A team of researchers has solved the riddle of one of the plant kingdom's fastest and most ferocious movements: the blink-of-an-eye closing of the Venus flytrap.

Changing face of XP
Running Windows XP, fancy a change of scene, then download the newly released Zune theme from Microsoft. To my eye, it’s a less juvenile colour scheme than the standard XP theme with its primary colours etc.Zune themeThere’s a totally pointless video on the web showing you how to install it, but all you have to [...]

Sea Otter, Peregrine Falcon Back From The Brink Of Extinction But Othe
There's good news and bad news in the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) report. The good news: The peregrine falcon and the sea otter no longer face extinction. The not-so-good news: COSEWIC proposes adding another 36 species to Canada's official List of Wildlife Species at Risk. Species from all regions of the country, on the land and in the sea, are at risk of extinction.

Wheat Allergy Diet
This chart lists foods that are acceptable and not acceptable for consumption by people with allergies to wheat. Covers beverages, breads, cereals, desserts, and wheat-containing products from other food groups. Also includes wheat substitute measurements and a list of wheat terms to look for when reading food labels. From the Lucile Packard Children's Hospital at Stanford.


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