Arabic (Semitic)
Note that this is relevant only to Classical Arabic; since these are commonplace words, they're often changed in local dialects, meaning most Arabs, even educated ones, will have difficulty understanding these in common usage.
Pronunciation guide: Stress in Arabic is most often on the penult syllable (i.e. one preceding the last). For the SAMPA transcriptions, /h/ is a glottal fricative; /h./ represents a voiceless pharyngeal fricative; /‘/ represents a voiced pharyngeal fricative; /’/ represents a glottal stop, and /:/ represents lengthening of the preceding phoneme. These are represented as double letters in the "spelling guide", and should be emphasized; the other spellings should be apparent from comparison with the SAMPA transcription.
- Arabic: العربيّة /al ‘ara'bi:ja/ (ahl 'a ruh bee ya)
- hello: مرحبًا /marX\\a'ba/ (mer hhuh bun)
- good-bye: إلى اللّقاء /ilal:iqa/ (ila-lliqa)
- please: من فضلك
- thank you: شكرًا /Sukran/ (shook run)
- that one: ذلك
- how much?: كمّ؟ /kam:/ (kamm)
- English: الإنجليزيّة /al iNgli:'zi:ja/ (al-ingleeziyya)
- yes: نعم /na‘am/ (na 'am)
- no: لا /la:/ (laa)
- Where's the bathroom?: أين الحمّام؟ /a’inal X\\am:am/ (a'ina-l-hammam?, a ee null hhum mum?)
note: these were snagged off of Ajeeb.com\'s Web translator, with SAMPA and spelling guide renderings a best-guess only.
Basque
Note on SAMPA: a comma after a fricative indicates that it is apical rather than laminal.
- Basque: Euskara /ews ka ra/
- hello: kaixo /kaj S,o/
- good-bye: agur /a gu4/
- please: mesedez /me se des,/
- thank you: Eskerrik asko /es ke rik as ko/
- that one: hori /ho 4i/
- how much?: zenbat /s,en bat/
- English: ingelesa /in ge le sa/
- yes: bai /baj/
- no: ez /es,/
- generic toast:
Breton (Celtic)
- Breton: breton /"bRet0~n/
- hello: salud /"sa:lyt/
- good-bye: kenavo /kena"vo:/
- please: mar plij /maR pliS/
- thank you: trugarez /tRy"ga:REs/
- that one: hennezh /"ennEs/
- how much?: pegement ? /pe"gemEn/
- yes: ya /ja/
- no: nann /na~n/
- sorry: digarez /di"gaREs/
- I don't understand: ne gomprenan ket /ne gO~mpRena~n ket/
- where's the bathroom?: pelec'h emañ ar sal dour ? /pe"lEx ema aR zal duR/
- generic toast: yec'hed mat ! /jehEt mat/
- Do you speak English? kaozeal a rit saozneg ? /kozeal a Rit saoznEk/
Chakobsa (Fictional from the Dune series)
- Buglere: Buglerege /buu le AY e/
- hello: cheklemine /che klay mee NAY/
- good-bye: bachage no /ba CHA ge no/
- please:
- thank you: kle no /klay no/
- that one: lle /ye/
- how much?: zenbat /s,en bat/
- English: ingelez /ing lez/
- yes: no /no/
- no: meno /may no/
- generic toast: kle no
Catalan (Romance)
- Catalan: Català /kətə'lA/
- hello: hola /'Olə/
- good-bye: adeu /ə'DEw/
- please: si us plau /sis'plAw/
- thank you: grŕcies /'grAsjəs/; mercčs /mər'sEs/
- sorry: pərdo /pər'dO/
- that one: aquest /ə'kEt/ (masc.); aquesta /ə'kEstə/ (fem.)
- how much?: quant val? /'kwAm'bAl/; quant es? /'kwAn'tes/
- yes: si /'sI/
- no: no /'nO/
- I don't understand: No ho entenc /'no wən'teŋ/
- where's the bathroom?: on es el bany? /'on'ezəl'BaJ/; on es el lavabo? /'On'Ezəl'lə'bAbu/
- generic toast: salut! /s@'lut/;
- Do you speak English?: Que parla angles? /kə 'pArlə ən'glEs/
- Do you speak Catalan?: Que parla catalŕ? /kə 'pArlə kətə'lA/
Chinese, Mandarin (Chinese)
Note: tone 1 is high and level; 2 is rising; 3 is dipping; 4 is falling. A dot following SAMPA palatals indicates a retroflexed phoneme. For more info, see pinyin. Also note that the first set of characters preceding the slashes are in simplified Chinese characters and the ones following the slashes are in traditional characters.
- Mandarin Chinese: 普通话 / 普通話 (pu3-tong1-hua4) /phu thON hwa/ (poo-tongue-hwa) or 国语 / 國語 (guo2 yu3) /kwO jy/ (gwaw yoo)
(Usage Note: The first term is used in mainland China, while the second term is used on Taiwan.)
- hello: 你好 / 你好 (ni3-hao3) /ni haw/ (knee-how)
- good-bye: 再见 / 再見 (zai4-jian4) /tsaj cian/ (T'SIgh-JEn)
- please: 请 / 請 (qing3) /tSiN/ (cheeng)
- thank you: 谢谢 / 謝謝 (xie4-xie4) /CjE-CjE/ (shyeh-shyeh)
- that one: 那个 / 那個 (na4.ge) /nEj g@/ (nay guh)
(Usage Note: The second syllable of "nei4 ge" is actually a generic measure word; it is replaced by the appropriate measure word for the noun it refers to. Therefore, one uses "nei4 zhi1" when referring to a chopstick, "nei4 zhang1" when referring to a table, and so forth. "Zhi1" means stick or branch,
and "zhang1" means "sheet" as in "sheet of paper".)
- how much?: 多少 / 多少 (duo1-shao3) /dwO S.aw/ (dwaw shahw)
- English: 英文 / 英文 (ying1-wen2) /YIN-w@n/ (yeeng won)
- yes: 是 / 是 (shi4) /S.r./ (sure)
(Usage Note: This actually means "it is" and can only be used in an answer to a question with the verb "to be". Languages like Chinese, Irish, Toki Pona, and Welsh do not have words for "yes" or "no". Instead you repeat the main verb of the question in your answer.)
- no: 不是 / 不是 (bu2-shi4) /pu S.r./ (Boo-Sure)5 or 否 / 否 (fou3) /fO/ (foe)
- where's the bathroom?: 厕所在那里 / 廁所在哪裏 (ce4 suo3 zai4 na2 li3?) /ts@ swO tsaj na li/ (tsuh swaw tzai nah lee?) -- Not the politest, but you'll get your point across!
- generic toast: 干杯 / 乾杯 (gan1 bei1) /gan p@j/ (gahn bay)
Klingon (Fictional from the Star Trek series)
Usage Note: Many sentences which in English would be phrased as requests are represented in Klingon by imperative verbs, which are very freely used in this language. As a result, the word "please" is absent from the Klingon lexicon. Whereas in English one asks "what is it", in Klingon one would be more likely to say yIngu' (literally, "Identify it!"), and for Klingons, "ordering" a drink is not a metaphor: romuluS HIq HInob "give me Romulan ale!"
- Klingon: tlhIngan Hol /tKINAn xol/ ("Klingon language")
- hello: nuqneH /nuqnEx/ (literally "What do you want?", only said when someone approaches you, not the other way around)
- goodbye: Qapla' /qXAplA?/ (literally "Success!")
- please: 9
- thank you: qatlho' /qAtKo?/ (when speaking to one person), Satlho' /s`AtKo?/ (when speaking to more than one person)
- that one: Dochvetlh /d`otSvEtK/ (literally "that thing")
- how much?: 'ar? /?Ar/
- yes: HIja' /xIdZA?/ or HISlaH /xIs`lAx/ in response to a yes/no question; luq /luq/ in response to an order
- no: ghobe' /GobE?/
- sorry: jItlhIj /dZItKIdZ/ (literally "I apologise")
- I don't understand: jIyajbe' /dZIjAdZbE?/
- where's the bathroom?: puchpa' vISuch. nuqDaq 'oH? /putSpA? vIs`utS nuqd`aq ?ox/ (literally "I seek the bathroom. Where is it?")
- generic toast: 'IwlIj jachjaj /?IwlIdZ dZAtSdZAdZ/
- Do you speak English? DIvI' Hol DajatlhlaH'a'? /d`IvI? xol d`AdZAtKlAx?A?/
- foreigner: nov /nov/