Egypt

Egypt (Arabic: مصر Misr) is a large nation of northeastern Africa. It includes the Sinai Peninsula, possibly considered part of Asia. The main area of habitation is along the Nile river. Large areas of land are part of the Sahara Desert and very sparsely inhabited. The capital city is Cairo (القاهرة).

جمهوريّة مصرالعربيّة
Jumhuriyat Misr al-Arabiyah
(In Detail)
Official language Arabic
Capital Cairo
Largest City Cairo
President Hosni Mubarak
Prime MinisterAtef Ebeid
Area
 - Total
 - % water
Ranked 29th
1,001,450 kmē
0.6%
Population
 - Total (2002)
 - Density
Ranked 15th
70,712,345
71/km²
Independence
 - Granted
by the United Kingdom
February 28, 1922
(Year)
Currency Egyptian pound (EGP)
Time zone UTC +2 (EET)
National anthem Bilady, Bilady, Bilady
Internet TLD.EG
Calling Code20

Table of contents
1 History
2 Politics
3 Governorates
4 Geography
5 Economy
6 Demographics
7 Culture
8 Miscellaneous topics

History

Main articles: History of Egypt

For the origin of the name Egypt, see Aegyptus.

The regularity and richness of the annual Nile River flood, coupled with semi-isolation provided by deserts to the east and west, allowed for the development of one of the world's great civilizations. A unified kingdom arose circa 3200 BC and a series of dynasties ruled in Egypt for the next three millennia. The last native dynasty fell to the Persians in 341 BC, who in turn were replaced by the Greeks, Romans, and Byzantines.

It was the Arabs who introduced Islam and the Arabic language in the 7th century and who ruled for the next six centuries. A local military caste, the Mamluks took control about 1250 and continued to govern after the conquest of Egypt by the Ottoman Turks in 1517.

Following the completion of the Suez Canal in 1869, Egypt became an important world transportation hub, but also fell heavily into debt. Ostensibly to protect its investments, Britain seized control of Egypt's government in 1882, but nominal allegiance to the Ottoman Empire continued until 1914.

Partially independent from the UK in 1922, Egypt acquired full sovereignty following World War II.

See also: Pharaoh

Politics

Main article: Politics of Egypt

Egypt is a republic. Hosni Mubarak, has been President since October 14, 1981.

Governorates

Main article: Governorates of Egypt

Egypt is divided into 26 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah):

Ad Daqahliyah, Al Bahr al Ahmar, Al Buhayrah, Al Fayyum, Al Gharbiyah, Al Iskandariyah, Al Isma'iliyah, Al Jizah, Al Minufiyah, Al Minya, Al Qahirah, Al Qalyubiyah, Al Wadi al Jadid, Ash Sharqiyah, As Suways, Aswan, Asyut, Bani Suwayf, Bur Sa'id, Dumyat, Janub Sina', Kafr ash Shaykh, Matruh, Qina, Shamal Sina', Suhaj.

Geography

Main article:
Geography of Egypt

Other towns and cities include Alexandria, Aswan, Asyut, El-Mahalla El-Kubra, Giza, Hurgharda, Luxor, Kom Ombo, Port Safaga, Port Said, Sharm el Sheikh, Shubra-El-Khema, Suez, Zagazig.

Rivers include: Nile

Deserts: Egypt includes parts of the Sahara Desert and of the Libyan Desert

Oasis include: Siwa Oasis

Economy

Main article: Economy of Egypt

The completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1971 and the resultant Lake Nasser have altered the time-honored place of the Nile River in the agriculture and ecology of Egypt. A rapidly growing population (the largest in the Arab world), limited arable land, and dependence on the Nile all continue to overtax resources and stress society.

The government has struggled to ready the economy for the new millennium through economic reform and massive investment in communications and physical infrastructure.

Demographics

Main article: Demographics of Egypt

Egypt is the most populous Arab country, at about 70,000,000 people. Nearly all the population is concentrated along the River Nile, notably Alexandria and Cairo, and along the Nile Delta and near the Suez Canal.

Culture

Main article: Culture of Egypt

Miscellaneous topics


Countries of the world  |  Africa


In the News

Raining Pebbles: Rocky Exoplanet Has Bizarre Atmosphere, Simulation Su
Tidally locked with its star and orbiting very close to it, the exoplanet Corot-7b is hot enough to melt rock on its star-facing side. Its atmosphere consists of the components of silicate rocks in gaseous form and, simulation suggests, periodically rains pebbles or grains of sand onto the molten surface below.

Internal Body Clock Dictates Timing Of Different Types Of Stroke
The internal body clock, or circadian rhythm, seems to influence the timing of different types of stroke, suggests research published ahead of print in the Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry.The research team analysed data from almost 13,000 patients who had had one of three types of stroke for the first time, diagnosed by brain scan.

Allergies Increase Risk For Corneal Transplant Rejection, UT Southwest
Corneal transplant patients who suffer from eye allergies are at a significantly higher risk of transplant failure than those without allergies, UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers have shown.

Ceramic Hybrid Needles Take The Sting Out Of Shots
New polymerization technology may one day take the pain out of injections and blood draws. Researchers have recently used two-photon polymerization to create hollow needles so fine patients wouldn?t feel them piercing their skin. Clustered together on a patch, these microneedles can deliver drugs or draw blood as efficiently as standard hypodermic needles.

Fundamental Flaws In Many Medical Studies Must Be Fixed In Order To Ca
The arthritis drug Vioxx eased the pain of millions of patients -- but also increased heart attack and stroke risk among some of them. Such problems may often go unnoticed at first, but might be prevented if medical researchers changed the way they evaluate new medicines, medical devices and other treatments, according to a new study.

Picking up the Sweat Scent
Newly discovered sulfur-containing scent molecules in sweat produced by a bacterial enzyme point to our smelly past and could lead to an odor-free future.

Malaria Treatment Efficacy Compromised In Certain HIV-positive Patient
A weakened immune response resulting from HIV infection can lead to trouble when it comes to treating malaria, according to a new study appearing in the Oct. 1 issue of the Journal of Infectious Diseases, now available online.

Puerto Rico and the Dawn of the Modern Age: Nineteenth- and Early-Twen
"Portrays the early history of the commonwealth of Puerto Rico through first-person accounts, political writings, and histories."Topics include "the land and its resources, relations with Spain, the competition among political parties, reform efforts, and recollections by veterans of the Spanish-American War."Materials date from 1831 through 1929, and most are in Spanish. Includes background essays. From the American Memory Project of the Library of Congress.

Early protein processes crucial to formation and layering of myelin me
A set of protein processes required in the early-stage conversion of glucose into fatty acids are critical to the proper formation and layering of myelin membrane, according to researchers. Essential to the proper functioning of the nervous system, myelin sheaths surround the axons of neurons and provide insulating effects that speed nerve conduction.

Electromagnetic fields as cutting tools
The bodywork on motor vehicles must be sufficiently stable, but processing the high-strength steels involved -- for example punching holes in them -- can prove something of a challenge. A new steel-cutting process will save time, energy and money in the future.




MP3 Music Downloads

Preview songs, Download Free Music,Burn CDs at ITunes.com
iTunes_RGB_9mm

 


Google




InformationQuickFind.com - Find Information Fast

Links | Privacy Policy | News |