Toluene

Toluene is a clear liquid aromatic hydrocarbon with a distinctive smell. Its chemical formula is C6H5CH3. Also called methylbenzene or phenylmethane, it is used as an octane booster in fuel, as a solvent in paints and paint thinners, rubber, printing, adhesives, cosmetics, fingernail polish, lacquers, leather tanning and perfumes, and to produce phenol and TNT. It is also used as a raw material for toluene diisocyanate, which is used in the manufacture of polyurethane foams.

Toluene occurs naturally in crude oil and in the tolu tree. It is also produced in the process of making gasoline and other fuels from crude oil and making coke from coal.



In the News

New Form Of Sleeping Sickness Discovered In India Stems From Deficienc
In December 2004, the first case of human Trypanosoma evansi -- induced trypanosomiasis was formally identified in India. Scientists from Université Libre de Bruxelles, Philippe Truc (IRD) and Indian medical specialists and the WHO found the cause of this infection lay in the absence from the patient's blood serum of apolipoprotein L-1 (APOL1), a protein that provides human subjects with their natural immunity against such animal trypanosomes. A double mutation on the gene apoL-1 turned out to be responsible.

U.S. Swine Workers At Increased Risk Of Infection With Swine Influenza
With national attention focused on the avian flu threat, other infections that could be transmitted from animals to people are also coming under scrutiny. People with work exposure to pigs, such as farmers, veterinarians and meat processing workers, are at heightened risk of contracting swine influenza, according to a study in the Jan. 1 issue of Clinical Infectious Diseases, now available online.

Family Ties Raise Risk Of Diabetes Complications: Risk Greater For Wom
Diabetes can cause serious health problems if not properly managed, but the risk of developing complications from this disease appears to be greater in certain families, according to a new study. The study also indicates that the risk for complications is greater for women.

Tendency To Hair Loss Inherited From The Mother
Scientists from the universities of Bonn and Düsseldorf , Germany, have shown that specific changes in the genetic 'construction manual' of the androgen receptor may result in premature balding. The affected gene lies on the x chromosome; men inherit the defect therefore from their mother -- supporting the widespread assumption that as far as hair loss is concerned men take after their maternal grandfather rather than their father.

Hubble Zooms In On Heart Of Mystery Comet -- Comet Holmes
The NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has probed the bright core of Comet 17P/Holmes which, to the delight of sky watchers, mysteriously brightened by nearly a million-fold in a 24-hour period beginning Oct. 23, 2007.

Professors To Develop Hand-held Pathogen Testing Device
Testing for deadly food, air and water pathogens may get a lot easier and cheaper thanks to the work of a Michigan State University researcher and his team. Syed Hashsham, an associate professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and the Center for Microbial Ecology, is developing a portable, hand-held device capable of detecting up to 50 microbial threat agents in air, water and food

Invasive, Exotic, Aquatic and Wetland Plants in the Western United Sta
Information about over a dozen plants that cause problems in wetlands in the western United States. Includes descriptions, images, and information about economic importance, distribution, habitat, history, and response to control methods for plants such as smooth cordgrass and Brazilian elodea. From the Western Aquatic Plant Management Society.

Guys Read
"A literacy initiative for boys"started by Jon Scieszka (author of "The Stinky Cheese Man,"among other fun titles) to encourage reading among boys all of ages. The site includes tips on promoting reading for parents, librarians, booksellers, and educators; reading lists for boys; and an area for site users to add recommendations of "favorite books for guys."

Secrets To Antibody's Success Against West Nile Virus Surprise Scienti
A monoclonal antibody that can effectively treat mice infected with West Nile virus has an intriguing secret: Contrary to scientists' expectations, it does not block the virus's ability to attach to host cells. Instead, the antibody somehow stops the infectious process at a later point.

Beneficial Effects Of No-till Farming Depend Upon Future Climate Chang
By storing carbon in their fields through no-till farming practice, farmers can help countries meet targeted reductions in atmospheric carbon dioxide and reduce the harmful effects of global warming. However, researchers say, the amount of carbon stored in soils depends on how the climate changes and how much carbon dioxide is in the atmosphere.


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